Antiseptics/DIsinfectants

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*Potassium Permanganate*

#Formulations : NA

#Brand_Names : NA

#Pharmacological_Action : It occurs as purple crystals highly water soluble liberates oxygen which oxidizes bacterial protoplasm. The available oxygen and germicide capacity is used up if much organic matter is present the solution gets decolourised. A 1:4000 to 1:10000 solution is used for gargling, douching, irrigating cavities, urethra and wounds. The action is rather slow and higher concentrations cause burns and blistering popularity therefore has declined.

#Therapeutic_Uses : It has also been used to disinfect water and for stomach wash in alkaloidal poisoning. It promotes rusting and is not good for surgical instruments.

*Hydrogen Peroxide*

#Formulations :  NA

#Brand_Names : NA

#Pharmacological_Action : It liberates nascent oxygen which oxidizes necrotic matter and bacteria. A 3% solution produces 10 volumes of oxygen much of which escapes in the molecular form. Catalase present in tissues speeds decomposition resulting in foaming. This helps in loosening and removing Slough, ear wax etc. It has poor penetrability and a weak transient action. It loses potency on keeping. Use therefore is much restricted. 

#Therapeutic_Uses : used as antiseptics & Disinfectant

*Soaps*

#Formulations : Soap

#Brand_Names : NA

#Pharmacological_Action :  Soaps are anionic detergents with weak antiseptic action.  They affect only gram positive bacteria. Their usefulness primarily resides in their cleansing action. Washing with soap and warm water is one of the most effective methods of preventing transmission of infection by removing or diluting pathogenic bacteria. Soaps can be medicated by others antiseptics

*Ethanol*

#Formulations : NA

#Brand_Names : NA

#Pharmacological_Action : It is an effective antiseptic and Disinfectant agent at 40- 90% concentration. The rapidity of action increases with concentration upto 70% and decreases above 90%. It acts by precipitating bacterial proteins. A cotton swab soaked in 70%ethanol rubbed on the skin kills 90% bacteria in 2minute. This has been used before hypodermic injection and on minor cuts. Alcohol based hand rubs are recommended for decontamination of hands in the health care setting as well as for personal hygiene. 

₹not be applied to mucous membrane or to delicate scrotum due to irritancy.  

#Therapeutic_Uses : used as antiseptics & Disinfectant

*Formaldehyde*

#Formulations : NA

#Brand_Names : Formalin

#Pharmacological_Action : It denatures proteins and is a general protoplasmic poison but acts slowly. It is a broad spectrum germicide but use as antiseptics is restricted by its irritating nature and pungent odour. It is occasionally employed to disinfect instruments and excreta. 

#Therapeutic_Uses : used as antiseptics & Disinfectant

*Boric Acid*

#Formulations : NA

#Brand_Names : Borocide

#Pharmacological_Action : It is only Bacteriostatic and weak antiseptic. But being nonirritating even to delicate structure saturated solution (4%) have been used for irrigating eyes and as mouthwash, douche etc. Boroglycerine paint (30%) is used for stomatitis and glossitis. A 10% ointment is used for cuts and abrasion. 

#Therapeutic_Uses : used as antiseptics & Disinfectant.

*Gentian Violet*

#Formulations : NA

#Brand_Names : NA

#Pharmacological_Action : A rosaniline dye again staphylococci other gram positive bacteria and fungi but gram negative organisms and mycobacteria are insensitive. Aqueous or alcoholic solution has been used on furunculosis, bedsores, chronic ulcers, infected eczema, thrush, Vincent angina, ringworm. 

#Therapeutic_Uses : used as antiseptics & Disinfectant